Lebanon proposes additional LAF troops south of Litani river to de-escalate Israel-Hezbollah tensions

The Lebanese government has circulated a detailed proposal to all its diplomatic missions abroad, outlining what it says is a plan aimed at achieving long-term stability in southern Lebanon.

This initiative, which includes pledging to deploy more Lebanese army personnel through a new recruitment campaign into the border region, comes amid heightened tensions in the region and the ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas in Gaza, and Hezbollah in south Lebanon.

This proposal marks the first time the Lebanese government has issued an official, detailed document outlining its stance and suggested measures for de-escalation since the conflict began on October 8th. 

While sources told Al-Araby TV said Hezbollah did not object to the plan official line position remains firm: a ceasefire in southern Lebanon is contingent upon an end to the Israeli war in Gaza. 

Following the "Majdal Shams" incident, where Israel carried out its threat by assassinating Hezbollah leader Fouad Shukr in Beirut’s southern suburbs, and the subsequent assassination of Hamas political leader Ismail Haniyeh, concerns have grown over the potential expansion of the conflict to Lebanon. In response, the Lebanese government reactivated its emergency plan, initially devised when the conflict along the Lebanese-Israeli border began. 

The Lebanese government stated that "the recent Israeli airstrike targeting a residential building in Beirut's southern suburbs exemplifies Israel's continued aggressive pattern towards Lebanon. This attack not only represents a significant escalation in an already unstable situation but also constitutes a blatant violation of international law, which prohibits targeting densely populated civilian areas with indiscriminate attacks." The government further noted that "this attack, occurring against the backdrop of the horrific massacre in Gaza, has increased the risk of the conflict expanding into a broader war that could engulf Lebanon and the region."

Despite the escalating situation, the Lebanese government emphasized its belief that a full-scale war can still be avoided and reaffirmed its commitment to protecting the safety and security of its citizens. The government also reiterated its right to self-defense under international law.

At the same time, the government stressed that "de-escalation is the most appropriate path to avoid a destructive cycle of violence, which will be increasingly difficult to contain. However, Lebanon cannot act alone; the international community must play a decisive and immediate role in calming tensions and curbing Israel's ongoing aggression against Lebanon."

Earlier today, caretaker Foreign Minister Abdullah Bou Habib commented on the U.S.-Egyptian-Qatari initiative for a Gaza ceasefire and regional de-escalation, noting that "the Lebanese government believes that there is no room for further delay, and urges all concerned parties to expedite the release of hostages, start the ceasefire, and implement the agreement without hesitation."

Bou Habib also announced the Lebanese government's intention to support and present a new proposal to complete the implementation of the remaining provisions in a manner that satisfies all concerned parties.

The government's proposal, seen by The New Arab and Al-Araby al-Jadeed, is divided into three key points:

1. Short-term de-escalation:

   • The continuous escalation in southern Lebanon could ignite a full-scale conflict with a serious potential to spread across the region. Israeli attacks on Lebanon have already caused significant loss of life and livelihoods, including the destruction of infrastructure and agricultural lands. International organizations estimate that over 90,000 Lebanese have been displaced.

   • Lebanon remains committed to international law, including international humanitarian law and the laws of war. All parties must adhere to the principles of proportionality, distinction, and necessity to protect civilian lives and property, and to avoid further escalation. Lebanon also retains its right to self-defence under international law and the United Nations Charter.

   • Until Security Council Resolution 1701 is fully and equally implemented, immediate de-escalation and a cessation of provocative actions are necessary to reduce risks and protect civilians. Any activities within this framework should not hinder the full recommitment to Resolution 1701 or increase the risk of a full-scale conflict.

   • The Lebanese government believes that a ceasefire in Gaza will have an immediate impact on reducing tensions in southern Lebanon, paving the way for long-term, sustainable stability. The government supports President Joe Biden's agreement for a ceasefire in Gaza and calls for its immediate implementation in accordance with Security Council Resolution 2735.

   • Ceasing hostilities in Gaza opens the door to a diplomatic path that the government will fully support. This path aims to address security concerns along the southern border, including disputes along the Blue Line, and will also pave the way for the full implementation of Resolution 1701.

2. Medium-term implementation of Security Council Resolution 1701:

   • Security Council Resolution 1701 remains the cornerstone for ensuring stability and security in southern Lebanon. Despite Israeli violations, this resolution has successfully maintained relative calm in the region for over 17 years (2006 – 2023). Israel has continuously violated the provisions of Resolution 1701, including occupying Lebanese territory, violating Lebanese airspace, and engaging in aggressive political and military postures.

   • The Lebanese Army and UNIFIL (United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon) will play a pivotal role in this endeavor. To ensure the necessary conditions for the implementation of Resolution 1701, the Lebanese government is committed to increasing the number of Lebanese Army personnel through a new recruitment campaign.

   • The extensive destruction witnessed in southern Lebanon over the past ten months also requires concerted efforts for reconstruction. The Lebanese government is developing a plan to rebuild the affected towns and villages and restore livelihoods.

3. Long-term:

   • Lebanon has consistently demonstrated that it is a constructive and reliable partner in the region. The recent maritime border agreements are a testament to Lebanon's commitment to negotiations and peaceful conflict resolution. These agreements not only resolved long-standing disputes but also showcased Lebanon's willingness to engage constructively with impartial mediators. In the coming period, the Lebanese government is ready to re-engage and play its role in de-escalation while reaffirming its commitment to ensuring the safety and security of its citizens, the sovereignty of Lebanon, and the integrity of its territory.

   • The Lebanese government's commitment to recruiting additional Lebanese soldiers in accordance with United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701 demonstrates a clear commitment to the implementation of this resolution. However, the successful implementation of this commitment will require support and assistance from the international community, including financial support, training, and technical assistance to ensure the recruitment process is conducted effectively and efficiently.

   • The call for international support reflects the Lebanese government's commitment to fulfilling its obligations under Resolution 1701 and underscores the importance of cooperation with the international community in addressing security challenges. International assistance will be crucial in enhancing the capabilities of the Lebanese Armed Forces and strengthening stability and security in the region.

   • The Lebanese government has consistently shown strong support for the mandate of UNIFIL, recognizing its crucial role in maintaining stability along the southern border. The government has also emphasized the importance of international support for UNIFIL's mission and called on the international community to contribute to this vital effort. The Lebanese government reaffirms its commitment to working closely with UNIFIL to ensure the security and stability of the region.